Laboratory test
HbA1c
Other names and abbreviations: glycated haemoglobin
Average blood sugar over the last 2–3 months. Helps diagnose and monitor diabetes.
HbA1c shows what proportion of haemoglobin has “bound” to glucose. It doesn't depend on a single meal, so it reflects long-term diabetes control well.
Typical ranges in adults
| Parameter | Typical range | What a deviation may mean |
|---|---|---|
| HbA1c | below 5.7% | normal |
| HbA1c | 5,7–6,4% | prediabetes |
| HbA1c | 6.5% and above | may indicate diabetes (needs confirmation) |
The ranges are approximate and differ between laboratories; they also depend on age, sex and pregnancy. A result outside the range doesn't always mean illness – discuss it with a doctor.
When it is done
Every 3–6 months in people with diabetes, in diagnosing prediabetes.
How to prepare
No need to fast.
